Sikh Nitnem Times for Mumbai
Mumbai (Mahārāshtra) is located at 19.0761°N, 72.8775°E. The Sikh Nitnem (daily prayer cycle) includes three fixed prayers: Japji Sahib & morning banis during Amrit Vela (pre-dawn), Rehras Sahib at sunset, and Kirtan Sohila at bedtime. Amrit Vela — the "ambrosial hours" — begins approximately 3 hours before Mumbai's local sunrise. India observes IST (UTC+5:30) year-round without Daylight Saving Time, but the actual solar sunrise in Mumbai may differ from IST by up to 30 minutes depending on longitude.